Thyroid
Thyroid disorders are common and can contribute to tiredness, mood changes and weight problems. These markers help assess how well the thyroid gland is functioning.
Antithyroglobulin antibodies
These antibodies target thyroglobulin, a protein made by the thyroid. Raised levels can support the diagnosis of autoimmune thyroid conditions such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis or Graves’ disease.
Free T3 (triiodothyronine)
Free T3 is the unbound form of triiodothyronine, an active thyroid hormone involved in metabolism and energy regulation. It can be useful when assessing some cases of thyroid overactivity or complex thyroid dysfunction.
Free T4 (thyroxine)
Free T4 measures the unbound form of thyroxine, one of the main hormones produced by the thyroid gland. It is interpreted with TSH to assess thyroid function.
Thyroid peroxidase antibodies
Thyroid peroxidase antibodies are directed against an enzyme used by the thyroid to make hormones. Raised levels are commonly associated with autoimmune thyroid disease, particularly Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
TSH is produced by the pituitary gland and signals the thyroid to make thyroid hormones. It is one of the main markers used to assess whether the thyroid is underactive or overactive.